Voltage-controlled oscillator characteristics chu curve (Figure 1) hmanga tarlan a ni a, chu chuan output angular frequency ω0 leh input control voltage uc inzawmna a tarlang a ni. Figure-ah hian uc zero a nih chuan angular frequency ω0,0 chu free-running angular frequency an ti a; ω0,0-a curve-a slope K0 chu control sensitivity an ti a. Communication emaw measuring instrument-ah chuan input control voltage chu signal thawn chhuah emaw teh tur (modulating signal) a ni.
Voltage-controlled oscillator hi frequency modulator an ti tlangpui a, frequency-modulated signal siam nan hman a ni. Automatic frequency control loop leh phase-locked loop-ah chuan input control voltage chu error signal voltage a ni a, voltage-controlled oscillator chu loop chhunga controlled component a ni.
VCO chi hrang hrangah hian LC, RC, leh crystal te an tel. Voltage-controlled oscillators atana technical mamawh ber berte chu frequency stability tha, control sensitivity sang, frequency modulation range zau tak, frequency deviation leh control voltage inkara linear relationship, leh integration awlsamna te a ni. Crystal voltage-controlled oscillator te hian frequency stability sang tak nei mahse frequency modulation range tawi tak an nei a; RC voltage-controlled oscillator te hian frequency stability hniam tak nei mahse frequency modulation range zau tak an nei a; leh LC voltage-controlled oscillator te chu khawi emaw laiah a tla thla thin.